Dr. Philip Emma has a PhD in Electrical Engineering, and is a Fellow of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers. He recently retired as Chief Scientist from IBM TJ Watson Research Center in Yorktown Heights, NY. He holds over 200 patents, and has written parts of four books on technology, as well as over 300 articles. He has taught at several Universities, and is a well known lecturer in the area of Computer Architecture. He is currently working as an Expert Witness for patent litigation, and is a well-known columnist on the topic of patents and claims. As a youth, he worked as a sous-chef in several restaurants, and he also does work in the coffee and espresso-machine businesses.